Androgenetic alopecia, or hereditary hair loss, is the most common type. This progressive condition affects both men and women born with inherited hair follicles sensitive to a hormone called dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT causes hair follicles to miniaturize over time, producing thinner and finer hair.
Eventually, the follicles stop producing normal hairs, leaving only “peach fuzz.” Men with this condition typically notice a hairline that recedes or thinning at the crown. Women with androgenetic alopecia don’t always follow a recognizable pattern but may see a widening part, overall thinning, or patchy hair loss.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, causing hair loss on the scalp, face, and other areas of the body. Alopecia areata can occur in multiple family members, suggesting genetics play a part in this condition. It affects both men and women and often first appears in childhood.

Cicatricial alopecia, or scarring alopecia, refers to a group of rare disorders that destroy hair follicles and replace them with scar tissue. Most forms of the condition first appear as small patches of hair loss that may expand over time. Many African American women suffer from this condition. While these disorders affect a small population, they can result in permanent hair loss.

Involutional alopecia is the gradual thinning and hair loss that comes with age. Over time, more hair follicles move into the resting phase, and the remaining hairs become shorter, finer, and fewer. Involutional alopecia is the second most common type of hair loss.

Traction alopecia results from damaged hair follicles due to constant tension or pulling over a long time. Repeatedly wearing tight hairstyles like ponytails, buns, or braids can cause traction alopecia. This condition typically occurs near the temples or along the hairline. African American women often experience this type of hair loss at their edges, the hairline area that goes from ear to ear and frames the face.